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Glossary - Classical Dance
Terms used in Indian
classical dance


Bharata Nătyam - Indian classical dance style from South India
Kathak - Indian classical dance style from North India mainly Jaipur and Lucknow
Kuchipudi - Classical dance style from Kuchipudi village in Andhra Pradesh
Mohiniattam - Classical dance style from South Indian state of Kerala.
Odissi - Classical dance style from Orissa (India)
Kathakali - Indian classical dance drama of Kerala, a state in south India.
Nritta - Pure dance involving hand and body movements
Nritya - Interpretative aspect of dance involving Abhinaya
Bhăva - Mood
Thillana
- A lively musical form, usually set to be rendered in brisk pace. It is the Carnatic counterpart of the North Indian 'tarana'.
Rangapravesam or Arangetram -
This is the blossoming of the student of Bharatnatyam into a full-fledged artist and enters the stage for the first time.
Mudhras
are a means of communication for
the dancer to express the theme of the song. Common in south Indian classical dance.
Adavus-
are the basic steps taught to the students in Bharatanatyam.
Glossary - Classical Music
Terms used in Indian classical music   
Karnatic Music/Carnatic Music - the classical music of South India.
Hindustani Music - North Indian classical music.
Rag/Raga/Ragam: A melodic concept within certain strict rules. Ragas are groups of notes that organise melody.Common in Indian classical music.
Tal/Tala/Talam :A time cycle, a rhythm structure and a measure applied in the act of keeping time.Common in Indian classical music.
Laya: Rhythm or Tempo. The tempo is regulated. The duration of rest between two strokes of 'matra' Is laya.Common in Indian classical music
Gharana : A school Of music representing a specific musical lineage or tradition.Term used in North Indian classical music.
Bol - This is the mnemonic system where each stroke of the drum has a syllable attached to it. These syllables are known as bol. Term found in Northy Indian classical music.
Bhajan — a hindu devotional song. Bhajans are sometimes used as light classical repetoire
Mridangam: A percussion instrument which is a common accompaniment in south Indian classical music and dance.
Tabla: A percussion instrument which is a common accompaniment in north Indian classical music and dance.
Guru-Shishya Parampara -The traditional teacher-disciple method of learning all forms of Indian classical music.

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Written by Administrator   
Monday, 24 April 2006
Navarasa - A musical expression of Emotions
By Vaishnavi Rao

NavarasaBright afternoon light streamed in through the windows illuminating the main temple hall of the Hindu Bhavan at Morrisville NC, which resonated with the combined renditions of south Indian classical music by Triangles top three vocalists, Akila Ganapathy, Meera Krishnamoorthy and Mathangi Shankar. They were ably accompanied by P.K.Sridhar on the violin and Partha Aji on the mridangam. 'Navarasa - A musical expression of emotions' a well coordinated event which started promptly at 4:30 pm on 04/22/06, lasted for an hour and half, was fairly well attended by the rasikas of Indian classical music in the triangle.
Taking turns in explaining the salient points and illustrating them by their melodious rendition of relevant pieces, the three vocalists presented an insight into the subtleties of Navarasa, exploring the nine rasas(emotions) using music.

Navarasa
Nava means "Nine" and Rasa is often translated as "mood", "emotion", "expression" or "sentiment". The Navarasa, in the scriptures refer to the nine expressions that humans often show. These nine rasas have been very well depicted by Prof. Balagopalan from Kalakshetra Dance Academy in Chennai These are:


The vocalists commenced their recital with a
varnam 'Angayarkanni' composed by Lalgudi Jayaraman.
This varnam runs us through a gamut of human emotions with anectodes from the Shiva Purana. The nine emotions of Devi Angayarkanni in her different manifestations are evocatively brought out in this musical masterpiece.
This item was followed by an item for each Rasa.

Hasya - song Thaye Yashoda - composer Oothukkadu Venkatasubba Iyer.
This song describes the various childhood antics of Lord Krishna.

Bhaya - song Pennivalalla Rama - composer Arunachala Kavi
This song from Ramanatakam describes the demoness Tataka in frighteningly vivid details. She is like the Lord of Death in disguise.

Roudra - song Rudrakopa - composer Muthuswamy Dikshitar
This song is about the legendary demon-god Veerabhadra, who is created by Lord Shiva in his fury to punish king Daksha.


Veera - song Nenjukku Needhi - composer Subramanya Bharatiyar
Bharatiar a poet and patriot sought to inspire people to be brave and fearless through his numerous songs on freedom movement.

Biibhatsya - song Nidhicala Sukama - composer Thyagaraja
In this song saint Thyagaraja expresses his feelings when Sarfoji Maharaja of Tanjore tries to overwhelm him with his wealth.

Adbhuta - song Vadavarayai - composer Ilango Adigal
Here the composer paints a vivid picture of the divinit of Mahavishnu who, as Vamana spans the whole world and as Krishna, goes as a messenger to the Pandavas.

Karuna - song O Raghuveera - composer Bhadrachala Ramadasa
O Raghuveera is a piteous plea of Bhadrachala Ramadasa who calls out to Lord Rama to come and save him.

Shringara - song Brindavana Nilaye - composer Oothukkadu Venkatasubba Iyer
This song isa beautiful description of the rasa kreeda where the Gopis nd the Gopas in Brindavana dance away endlessly with their lord, Krishna.

Shanta - song Maitreem Bhajata - composer Sri Chandrasekara Saraswati
This song represents complete harmony between the mind, body and the universe.Maitreem Bhajata is a prayer of peace rendered by the music legend Smt. M.S.Subbulakshmi at the United Nations is extremely relevant at a time when nations are at war with one another and within themselves over caste, creed, power and supremacy.



Navarasa Expressions
Matangi Shankar, Meera Krishnamoorthy, Akila Ganapathy

Wonder or surprise (adbhutha)

Love (shringaara)

Laughter (haasya)

Fear (bhaya)

Valour/Courage (veera)

Anger (roudra)

Compassion (karuna)

Peace or tranquility (shaantha).

Disgust (bheebhatsya)


Navarasa

Last Updated ( Tuesday, 10 April 2007 )
 
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